RESUMO
In magnetically confined fusion plasmas controlled gas injection is crucial for plasma fuelling as well as for various diagnostic applications such as active spectroscopy. We present a new, versatile system for the injection of collimated thermal gas beams into a vacuum chamber. This system consists of a gas pressure chamber, sealed by a custom made piezo valve towards a small capillary for gas injection. The setup can directly be placed inside of the vacuum chamber of fusion devices as it is small and immune against high magnetic fields. This enables gas injection close to the plasma periphery with high duty cycles and fast switch on/off times â² 0.5 ms. In this work, we present the design details of this new injection system and a systematic characterization of the beam properties as well as the gas flowrates which can be accomplished. The thin and relatively short capillary yields a small divergence of the injected beam with a half opening angle of 20°. The gas box is designed for pre-fill pressures of 10 mbar up to 100 bars and makes a flowrate accessible from 1018 part/s up to 1023 part/s. It hence is a versatile system for both diagnostic as well as fuelling applications. The implementation of this system in ASDEX Upgrade will be described and its application for line ratio spectroscopy on helium will be demonstrated on a selected example.
RESUMO
The Fürst Donnersmarck-Foundation (FDSt) initiated the housing projekt 'Living Independently with Intensive Support (WmI)' to show that such a concept is feasible even with persons with severe multiple handicaps. It is reported how financial, organisational and communicative problems can be solved. Overall, the housing project is not much more expensive than inpatient concepts, but a change of traditional concepts of administration was required. The new service mode presupposed a careful preparation and high motivation of the staff. Finally, existing discrepancies between traditional and modern concepts could be resolved.
